
therefore ●●●●●



Oxford CEFR | B1SPEAKINGWRITINGFORMAL
there‧fore /ˈðeəfɔː $ ˈðerfɔːr/ adverb
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Synonyms & Related Wordstherefore[adverb]Synonyms: consequently, accordingly, as a result, ergo, hence, so, then, thence, thus
Related Words: thence,
therefrom
English Thesaurus: therefore, so, thus, hence, as a result, ... [TahlilGaran] English Synonym Dictionary ▲
English Dictionarythere‧fore S1 W1 /ˈðeəfɔː $ ˈðerfɔːr/
adverb formal[
Date: 1100-1200;
Origin: there + for]
as a result of something that has just been mentioned:
Their car was bigger and therefore more comfortable.
Progress so far has been very good. We are, therefore, confident that the work will be completed on time.
REGISTERIn everyday English, people usually use
so rather than
therefore:
It was late, so I didn’t stay long. [TahlilGaran] Dictionary of Contemporary English ▲
Common Errorsthereforeadverb1.
BAD: She has lived in New York for many years therefore she regards New York as her home.
GOOD: She has lived in New York for many years and (therefore) regards New York as her home.
Usage Note:Therefore is an adverb (NOT a conjunction). It cannot be used to link clauses.
See also HOWEVER (
however), NEVERTHELESS (
nevertheless)
2.
DUBIOUS: The child looked lost and therefore I asked him if I could help.
GOOD: The child looked lost and so I asked him if I could help.
Usage Note: Therefore is used mainly in formal styles: 'Crops have been badly affected by the drought and therefore food will be in short supply.'
In non-formal styles use
so : 'It was quite late so I didn't stay long.'
[TahlilGaran] Dictionary of Common Errors ▲
Thesaurustherefore for this reason:
She already had a lot of experience and therefore seemed the best candidate for the job.so therefore.
So is less formal than
therefore, and is more common in everyday English:
They had not eaten all day, so they were very hungry.thus formal as a result of what you have just mentioned:
The program is very simple and thus easy to run.hence formal for this reason:
This material is highly poisonous, hence the importance of careful handling.as a result used when saying that because of a particular situation, something else happens or is true:
Some people suffer from stress at work and become ill as a result.
Economic growth slowed down as a result of inflation.consequently/as a consequence used when saying that because of a particular situation, something else happens or is true.
Consequently and
as a consequence are more formal than
as a result:
The disease attacks the plant, the flower does not open, and consequently no seeds are produced.
As a consequence of global warming, our climate is already starting to change.this means that used when saying what the result of something is:
If students arrive late, this means that lesson time is wasted.for this reason used when explaining the reason for something:
Spell check programs do not recognize when you have used the wrong word. For this reason, you must still read over your work carefully. [TahlilGaran] English Thesaurus ▲